Criminal Appeal Act

These cases are set up by the Criminal Appeal Acct 1995. The purpose of this act was to investigate possible miscarriages of justice in criminal cases. This is a court where more serious criminal offences are heard. A judge takes charge of the hearing to make sure the evidence is properly presented and the law in the case is fully understood. A jury is responsible for deciding the verdict. If the defendant is found guilty the judge will take into account the circumstances of the case, previous convictions and possibly the background of the defendant. 

QUEENS BENCH DIVISION:

It is the biggest division of high court with over 60 judges. Cases connected to the County law and the TORT law are tied here. Smaller cases are dealt with the County Court. This court also has specialist courts, the Commercial Court and the Admiralty Court.

COURT OF APPEAL: 

This is made up of Civil Division and a Criminal Division. The Civil Division hears Appeals against decisions Appeal Tribunal, The Immigration Appeal Tribunal and the Lands Tribunal. The Criminal Division has the power to revise sentences or cancel a conviction. A further appeal from the Court of Appeal may be made to the House of Lords but only with permission of either the Court of Appeal or the House of Lords.

CIVIL COURT OF APPEAL

This court hers cases which involves civil law. They deal with disputes between individuals or an individual and a business.  It is the final appeal court of the English legal system. The judges are called the law lords. It only hears appeals on points of law. In criminal cases, this must be a point of law of general public importance. It is also necessary to get permission to appeal from either the House of Lords or the court from which the appeal is coming.

This ACT makes illegal sex discrimination against individuals in the areas of employment, education, and the provision of goods, facilities and services and in the disposal or management of premises. It also disallows discrimination in employment against married people. It is not unlawful to discriminate against someone because they are not married. This act applies to women and men of any age, including children. Discriminatory advertisements are unlawful but only the Equal Opportunities Commission can take action against advertisers. There are some general exceptions to when sex discrimination is unlawful. The main exceptions are:

 When charity is providing a benefit to one sex only,   When people are competing in a sport in which the average women is at a disadvantage to the average man because of physical strength etc,  In insurance where the discriminatory treatment reasonably relates to actuarial or other data.

RACE RELATIONS ACT 1968 & 1976:

This act makes it lawful to discriminate at the work place against any person on grounds of colour, race ethnic or national origin. This act makes it unlawful to refuse employment, training or promotion on these grounds, or to select someone for dismissal on grounds of race. The 1976 act set up the Commission of Racial Equality with power to investigate ad issue non discrimination notice against employers or trade unions in a discriminatory manner.